Bacterial Nucleoid: Interplay of DNA Demixing and Supercoiling
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Co-operative roles for DNA supercoiling and nucleoid-associated proteins in the regulation of bacterial transcription.
DNA supercoiling and NAPs (nucleoid-associated proteins) contribute to the regulation of transcription of many bacterial genes. The horizontally acquired SPI (Salmonella pathogenicity island) genes respond positively to DNA relaxation, they are activated and repressed by the Fis (factor for inversion stimulation) and H-NS (histone-like nucleoid-structuring) NAPs respectively, and are positively...
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Transcription-coupled DNA supercoiling has been shown to be an important regulator of transcription that is broadly present in the cell. Here we review experimental work which shows that RNA polymerase is a powerful torsional motor that can alter DNA topology and structure, and DNA supercoiling in turn directly affects transcription elongation.
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The overall topology of DNA profoundly influences the regulation of transcription and is determined by DNA flexibility as well as the binding of proteins that induce DNA torsion, distortion, and/or looping. Gal repressor (GalR) is thought to repress transcription from the two promoters of the gal operon of Escherichia coli by forming a DNA loop of approximately 40 nm of DNA that encompasses the...
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The Escherichia coli H-NS protein is a major nucleoid-associated protein that is involved in chromosomal DNA packaging and gene regulatory functions. These biological processes are intimately related to the DNA supercoiling state and thus suggest a direct relationship between H-NS binding and DNA supercoiling. Here, we show that H-NS, which has two distinct DNA-binding modes, is able to differe...
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Type II DNA topoisomerases permit passages of double stranded DNA segments through each other and this is achieved via a complex mechanism involving a transient cleavage of one duplex, a passage of the second duplex through the topoisomerase-spanned cleavage site and finally resealing of the cut duplex. Type II DNA topoisomerases facilitate many DNA transactions requiring manipulation of long D...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biophysical Journal
سال: 2020
ISSN: 0006-3495
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.09.026